What Is the Original Meaning of a Cartoon as Used by Art Professionals?
A cartoonist is a visual artist who specializes in both cartoon and writing cartoons (individual images) or comics (sequential images). Cartoonists differ from comic writers, comic book artists, or comic volume illustrators in that they produce both the literary and graphic components of the work as office of their practise. Cartoonists may work in a variety of formats, including booklets, comic strips, comic books, editorial cartoons, graphic novels, manuals, gag cartoons, storyboards, posters, shirts, books, advertisements, greeting cards, magazines, newspapers, and video game packaging.
History [edit]
The English language satirist and editorial cartoonist William Hogarth, who emerged in the 18th century, poked fun at contemporary politics and customs; illustrations in such style are frequently referred to every bit "Hogarthian".[ane] Following the work of Hogarth, political cartoons began to develop in England in the latter part of the 18th century nether the management of its bully exponents, James Gillray and Thomas Rowlandson, both from London. Gillray explored the employ of the medium for lampooning and caricature, calling the king (George Iii), prime ministers and generals to account, and has been referred to every bit the male parent of the political cartoon.[2]
Origin in U.s. [edit]
While never a professional cartoonist, Benjamin Franklin is credited with the first cartoon published in The Pennsylvania Gazette in 1754: Join, or Die, depicting the American colonies as segments of a snake.[three] [4] In the 19th century, professional cartoonists such as Thomas Nast, whose piece of work appeared in Harper's Weekly, introduced other familiar American political symbols, such every bit the Republican elephant.[3]
Comic strips [edit]
Comic strips received widespread distribution to mainstream newspapers past syndicates,[5]
Calum MacKenzie, in his preface to the exhibition catalog, The Scottish Cartoonists (Glasgow Print Studio Gallery, 1979) divers the choice criteria:
- The difference between a cartoonist and an illustrator was the same every bit the departure between a comedian and a comedy actor—the sometime both evangelize their own lines and take full responsibility for them, the latter could always hide behind the fact that information technology was not his entire creation.[six]
Many strips were the work of two people although but one signature was displayed. Shortly after Frank Willard began Moon Mullins in 1923, he hired Ferd Johnson as his assistant. For decades, Johnson received no credit. Willard and Johnson traveled about Florida, Maine, Los Angeles, and United mexican states, drawing the strip while living in hotels, apartments and farmhouses. At its peak of popularity during the 1940s and 1950s, the strip ran in 350 newspapers. According to Johnson, he had been doing the strip solo for at least a decade before Willard'due south death in 1958: "They put my name on it then. I had been doing it about 10 years before that because Willard had heart attacks and strokes and all that stuff. The minute my proper name went on that matter and his proper noun went off, 25 papers dropped the strip. That shows you lot that, although I had been doing it 10 years, the proper name means a lot."[vii]
See also [edit]
- Comic book creator
- Penciller
- Editorial cartoonist
- Harvey Honor
- Listing of cartoonists
- List of newspaper comic strips
- Mangaka
- List of manga artists
- The Anytime Funnies
- Webcomic
- Female comics creators
- Glossary of comics terminology
- Daily comic strip
- Sunday comics
- Sun strip
References [edit]
Full general references [edit]
- Hess, Stephen; Northrop, Sandy (2011). American Political Cartoons: The Evolution of a National Identity, 1754-2010. TransactionPublishers. ISBN978-i-4128-1119-4.
Inline citations [edit]
- ^ The British Museum. Beer Street, William Hogarth - Art Print Archived 2010-03-03 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 11 April 2010.
- ^ "Satire, sewers and statesmen: why James Gillray was rex of the drawing". The Guardian. 16 June 2015.
- ^ a b Hess & Northrop 2011, p. 24.
- ^ "Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia | "Join, or Die," Pennsylvania Gazette, May 9, 1754". philadelphiaencyclopedia.org . Retrieved 2021-10-24 .
- ^ "The Comics Reporter". Retrieved 17 November 2009.
- ^ MacKenzie, Calum. The Scottish Cartoonists. Glasgow Impress Studio Gallery, 1979.
- ^ "Toon Talk : Two Comic-Strip Artists Discuss the Craft They Dear". Los Angeles Times. September 28, 1989.
Further reading [edit]
- Steve Edgell, Tim Pilcher, Brad Brooks, The Complete Cartooning Form: Principles, Practices, Techniques (London: Barron's, 2001).
External links [edit]
 | Expect up Cartoonist in Wiktionary, the costless lexicon. |
- Comic Creators at Curlie
Societies and organizations [edit]
- Professional Cartoonists' System (UK)
- National Cartoonists Guild
- Association of American Editorial Cartoonists
- Society of Illustrators
- Society of Children'due south Book Writers and Illustrators
- Society of Illustrators of Los Angeles
- The Association of Illustrators
- The Illustrators Partnership of America
- AIIQ - l'Association des Illustrateurs et Illustratrices du Québec
- Colorado Brotherhood of Illustrators
- Institute For Archaeologists Graphics Archaeology Grouping
- Guild of Natural Science Illustrators
- Guild of Natural Science Illustrators-Northwest
- Illustrators Australia
- Newsart
- Australian Cartoonists Association 2Xw7QIe
Communities [edit]
- Cartoonist Lodge
- DeviantART
- ConceptArt
- toonsUp
- Mojizu
- Illustrateur
- Comic Design
- SteamKat
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cartoonist
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